Marginalized yet vital to Sri Lanka’s economy since the 19th century, Up-country Tamils are at the heart of this book. It examines their ongoing struggles for inclusion, the obstacles they face, and their evolving role in a post-war Sri Lanka still grappling with ethnic reconciliation. Moving beyond the Sinhala-Tamil binary, this book highlights the unique challenges faced by Up-country Tamils and considers the implications for their future, especially in light of recent political and social shifts.